Abstract
Objective
Pediatric respiratory emergencies of airway foreign body (FB) are a common cause of
visits to the emergency department (ED) and respiratory failure is a major cause of
cardiopulmonary arrest. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the literature and
update our current understanding of pediatric respiratory tract FBs in children by
clearly considering the aspect of the complications and related factors.
Methods
A systematic search of PubMed and Embase yielded a total of 2035 studies related to
the respiratory tract FB in children. After screening the abstracts, 118 articles
were included for analysis. However, 56 articles were excluded due to the published
data more than 10 years. Meanwhile, 6 articles were duplicated and 3 articles were
the secondary data. Thus, 53 full text articles were assessed for eligibility. Then,
46 full text articles were excluded due to irrelevant contents. Finally, there were
7 qualitative articles in this systematic review.
Results
Most children with FBs in the aerodigestive tract are 1–3 years of age. Most FBs are
organic, especially seeds. The most commonly obstructed airway is the right primary
bronchus. The most common and severe complications are pneumonia, pulmonary atelectasis,
lung consolidation, pneumothorax, bronchiectasis, and death. The main device for the
removal of FBs from the airways is a rigid bronchoscope. Duration of diagnosis is
major factors that related with severe complication.
Conclusion
FBs obstructive conditions in respiratory tract of children are serious and life-threatening
conditions. The likelihood of death depends on the location of the obstruction, the
nature of FB, time to removal, and initial resuscitation. Moreover, even after a FB
has been removed, complications can lead to death. Educating parents and immediate
treatment is very important. Rapid diagnosis is important factor to prevent complication.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 25, 2022
Accepted:
October 14,
2022
Received:
May 27,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2022 Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
