Abstract
Objective
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of dizziness
in the general population. BPPV is known to be closely related to the serum vitamin
D level. This study aimed to examine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels
and BPPV recurrence.
Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with posterior
and lateral canal BPPV. The diagnosis of BPPV was based on the finding of vertigo
and nystagmus induced by certain head positions (The Dix–Hallpike maneuver and head
roll tests). The patients were classified into BPPV recurrence (Group A) and non-recurrence
groups (Group B). Otolith function was assessed by cervical vestibular evoked myogenic
potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP), and their
association with vitamin D levels was evaluated.
Results
There were 19 subjects in Group A and 31 in Group B. There were no significant differences
in age, sex, cVEMP, and oVEMP between the two groups. The average vitamin D level
was 12.9 ± 8.0 ng/mL for Group A and 19.2 ± 8.2 ng/mL for Group B, and the difference
between the groups was significant (p = 0.011). In the receiver operating characteristic
curve analysis for BPPV recurrence with the best sensitivity and specificity, the
optimal cut-off value of total serum vitamin D was determined as 12.74 ng/mL. Furthermore,
reclassifying the patients based on the cut-off value showed a significantly higher
recurrence rate in the group with a lower serum vitamin D level (70.5% vs. 22.5%,
p = 0.007).
Conclusion
This complex finding highlights the importance of measuring serum vitamin D levels
to monitor and evaluate patients at risk of BPPV recurrence.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 24, 2023
Accepted:
December 30,
2022
Received:
May 12,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
